RESUMO
RESUMEN Introducción: Los pacientes con diarrea crónica con frecuencia se someten a la evaluación con colonoscopia, sin embargo, la realización de biopsias o ileoscopia permanece controversial. Objetivo: Evaluar la utilidad de la colonoscopia más biopsias en el estudio de pacientes con diarrea crónica. Materiales y métodos: Retrospectivamente revisamos pacientes con diarrea crónica que fueron llevados a colonoscopia entre 2015 a 2019. Se excluyeron pacientes con datos incompletos, infección por VIH, hallazgos endoscópicos anormales, colonoscopia sin valoración del ciego, estar en tratamiento empírico para la diarrea y mala preparación. Se realizó análisis descriptivo de las características de los pacientes, hallazgos histopatológicos y comparación de signos y síntomas según hallazgo histopatológico. Resultados: Se evaluaron 535 pacientes con diarrea crónica, de estos, a 283 (52,8%) se les realizó biopsias. En el 55,1% (n=156) de las biopsias se obtuvo algún diagnóstico histopatológico final. Los diagnósticos histopatológicos correspondieron a colitis ulcerativa (n=3), enfermedad de Crohn (n=5), colitis linfocítica (n=6), colitis colágena (n=12), colitis eosinofílica (n=13), colitis infecciosa (n=13), Melanosis coli (n=15), colitis inespecífica (n=57) y otros cambios histológicos (n=32). La enfermedad de Crohn solo se documentó en biopsias de íleon (p<0,001), la colitis ulcerativa solo se diagnosticó en biopsias del recto sigmoide (p=0,007), la colitis infecciosa en su mayor proporción (30,7%) se documentó en biopsias del colon derecho (p=0,028). Conclusión: La colonoscopia y las biopsias son útiles en la investigación de pacientes con diarrea crónica, obteniendo un diagnóstico histológico en el 55% de los pacientes. La ileoscopia complementó los hallazgos de la colonoscopia en menor proporción.
ABSTRACT Introduction: Patients with chronic diarrhea often undergo colonoscopy evaluation, however, the performance of biopsies or ileoscopy remains controversial. Objective: To evaluate the usefulness of colonoscopy plus biopsies in the study of patients with chronic diarrhea. Materials and methods: We retrospectively reviewed patients with chronic diarrhea who underwent colonoscopy between 2015 and 2019. Patients with incomplete data, HIV infection, abnormal endoscopic findings, colonoscopy without blind assessment, being on empiric treatment for diarrhea, and poor diagnosis were excluded. preparation. A descriptive analysis of the characteristics of the patients, histopathological findings and comparison of signs and symptoms according to histopathological finding was performed. Results: 535 patients with chronic diarrhea were evaluated, of these, 283 (52.8%) underwent biopsies. In 55.1% (n=156) of the biopsies some final histopathological diagnosis was obtained. Histopathological diagnoses corresponded to ulcerative colitis (n=3), Crohn's disease (n=5), lymphocytic colitis (n=6), collagenous colitis (n=12), eosinophilic colitis (n=13), infectious colitis (n=13), Melanosis coli (n=15), nonspecific colitis (n=57) and other histological changes (n=32). Crohn's disease was only documented in biopsies of the ileum (p<0.001), ulcerative colitis was only diagnosed in biopsies of the sigmoid rectum (p=0.007), infectious colitis in its highest proportion (30.7%) was documented in biopsies of the right colon (p=0.028). Conclusion: Colonoscopy and biopsies are useful in the investigation of patients with chronic diarrhea, obtaining a histological diagnosis in 55% of patients. Ileoscopy complemented colonoscopy findings to a lesser extent.
RESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Patients with chronic diarrhea often undergo colonoscopy evaluation, however, the performance of biopsies or ileoscopy remains controversial. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the usefulness of colonoscopy plus biopsies in the study of patients with chronic diarrhea. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed patients with chronic diarrhea who underwent colonoscopy between 2015 and 2019. Patients with incomplete data, HIV infection, abnormal endoscopic findings, colonoscopy without blind assessment, being on empiric treatment for diarrhea, and poor diagnosis were excluded. preparation. A descriptive analysis of the characteristics of the patients, histopathological findings and comparison of signs and symptoms according to histopathological finding was performed. RESULTS: 535 patients with chronic diarrhea were evaluated, of these, 283 (52.8%) underwent biopsies. In 55.1% (n=156) of the biopsies some final histopathological diagnosis was obtained. Histopathological diagnoses corresponded to ulcerative colitis (n=3), Crohn's disease (n=5), lymphocytic colitis (n=6), collagenous colitis (n=12), eosinophilic colitis (n=13), infectious colitis (n=13), Melanosis coli (n=15), nonspecific colitis (n=57) and other histological changes (n=32). Crohn's disease was only documented in biopsies of the ileum (p<0.001), ulcerative colitis was only diagnosed in biopsies of the sigmoid rectum (p=0.007), infectious colitis in its highest proportion (30.7%) was documented in biopsies of the right colon (p=0.028). CONCLUSION: Colonoscopy and biopsies are useful in the investigation of patients with chronic diarrhea, obtaining a histological diagnosis in 55% of patients. Ileoscopy complemented colonoscopy findings to a lesser extent.
